Abstract: Sample homogenization is an important step in the process of sample analysis and detection, which affects the reliability and accuracy of analytical results. The theoretical on the effect of sample homogenization on detection results was reviewed, and the results showed that homogenization has a significant impact on detection results. The advantages and disadvantages of different principles of homogenization equipment were compared, and the applications of homogenization technology in different fields were summarized to provide a reference for the selection and promotion of homogenization technology. Meanwhile, the evaluation methods, indexes and influencing factors of homogenization effect were systematically analyzed to provide a scientific basis for the evaluation method of homogenization effect in the analysis and detection process. The application and development of homogenization technology were prospected to provide a reference for the research of homogenization technology in analysis and detection.